Hazrat Aisha(R.A) - BY: Muhammad Shehroz

Hazrat Aisha(R.A)

• Born in 613AD
• Daughter of Umm Ruman and Abu Bakr(R.A)
• Third and youngest wife of the Prophet(S.A.W)
• Got married to the Prophet(S.A.W) shorty before migration to Madinah when she was only 10 years old.
• Marriage solemnised in Madinah when she became mature.
• Given the title of “Humaira” and “Umm  Abdullah”
• Held a special place in the life of the Prophet……
• The hypocrites played a role in slander against her after she was seen coming home from a fair with an unknown man. The Quran proves her innocence…..
• Prophet(S.A.W) shifted to her room during the last few days of his life. He is buried there as well.
• She was only 25 when the Prophet(S.A.W) passed away.

Life after the death of the Prophet(S.A.W)

• Spent the remaining 48 years of her life as a widow 
• Preached and propagated the message of Allah and Ahadis
• Hazrat Umar(R.A) respected Hazrat Aisha(R.A) very much. She says:   “Ibn-e-Khattab has done me many favours after the death of the Holy Prophet(S.A.W)”
• Hazrat Umar(R.A) fixed an annual allowance of 10,000 for all the wives of the Prophet(S.A.W) however for Hazrat Aisha(R.A) the amount was 12,000 dirhams as she was very close to the Prophet(S.A.W)
• She narrated 2210 Ahadis 
• As an interpreter of religious issues, jurist of Sunnah and Shariat she has a very high rank. Imam Zuhi, a leading jurist says:    “Hazrat Aisha(R.A) was the most learned person among the people. Senior and learned companions used to consult her”
• Umar bin Zubair says:  “ Aisha was the most scholarly person of her time in Quran, fundamentals of religion, fish, poetry, medicine, Arabian history and genealogy and discrimination between lawful and unlawful things.”
• It is said that Hazrat Aisha was more knowledgable than all the wives as well as some companions as well. Imam Zuhri says:    “If the knowledge of all men and the wives of the Prophet(P.B.U.H) were put together, the knowledge of aisha would exceed it all ”
• She was very pious and god fearing. Apart from the five obligatory prayers, she would offer extra prayers as well.
• On 17th Ramazan 58AH, towards the end of the khilafat of Muawiyah, she died at the age of 73 and is buried in Jannat-ul-Baqi. 

Hazart khadija (RA) - BY: Areej Moez Sher

Hazart khadija (RA)

 She was the daughter of Khuwaylid bin Asad

 Before the coming of Islam she was called At-Tahira (the

pure one)

 She was married and widowed twice.

 She was a wealthy trading women

 She had hired the prophet to manage her trade to Syria

 Noticing the good management, honesty and truthfulness

of the holy Prophet(SAW), she send him a marriage

proposal.

 When the prophet married her she was 40 years old and

Prophet was 25 year old.

 They had six children: 4 daughter (Ruqaiyah, Umme-

kalsoom, Zainab and Fatima) and two sons who died in

infancy.

 Hazart Khadija was the first women to accept Islam

 She was also the first women to believe in the message of

Hazart Muhammad(SAW).

 Hazart Jibrael would often ask the prophet to give salam to

her.

 When the revelation came she comforted the prophet said

that Allah without disgrace him as he had helped the

widows and looked after the orphans and the needy.

 She took him to her cousin Warqa bin Naufil who assured

him that he was ordained by Allah to be a Messenger.

 She was one of the four women mentioned as the best

women of all times by the prophet when he said

“ the best of the peoples women are four;

Marayam bint imran, khadija bint

khuwaylid, Fatimah bint Muhammad and

Aasia the wife of pharaoh”

 Khadija was a very devoted and loving wife.

 She was the only wife of the prophet who suffered the

persecution of the early days of Islam.

 She suffered most at the time of boycott

 Hazarat Jibrael gave her the good tidings of the house in

the paradise.

 She died at the age of 65 and was laid to her grave by the

prophet himself.

 The year was known as the year of grief.

 Aisha said:

“I was not jealous of any other wife of the

prophet as I was jealous of khadija,

because of his constant mentioning of her”.

MARIA al-Qibtiyya - Manal Shoaib

MARIA al-Qibtiyya

·       Maria al-Qibtiyya (R.A) is said to have married the Prophet (P.B.U.H) and  has been given the same title as the rest of his wives, ‘Umm al Muminin’ ‘Mother of the Believers’.

·       Maria (R.A) was born in upper Egypt of a Coptic father and Greek mother and moved to the court of the Muqawqis when she was still very young.

·       She arrived in Medina to join the Prophet’s household just after the Prophet returned from the treaty with Quraish which was contracted at al-Hudaybiyya.

·       Maria gave birth to a healthy son in 9 AH, the same year that his daughter Zaynab died, and the Prophet named his new son Ibrahim. Unfortunately, when he was only eighteen months old, Ibrahim became seriously ill and died. Even though he knew that his small son would go to the Garden, the Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) could not help shedding some tears. When some of his Companions asked him why he was weeping, he replied, “It is my humanness.”

·       As Ibrahim’s body was being buried, the sun was eclipsed and it grew dark and gloomy. Some people thought this was connected with Ibrahim’s death, but the Prophet soon clarified this. “The sun and the moon are two of Allah’s signs,” he said, “they are not eclipsed because of anyone’s birth or death. When you see these signs, make haste to remember Allah in prayer.”

·       Although the kaafir used to mock the Prophet Muhammad because he had no sons, and say that he was ‘cut off’ , Allah made it clear in the following surah that the station of the Prophet Muhammad was far above that of any other man;

      “In the name of Allah, The Merciful, the Compassionate: Surely We have given you AL Khawthar, so pray to your Lord and offer sacrifice. Surely he who mocks you is the one cut off.” (Quran 108:1-3)

      “Muhammad is not the father of any man among you, but he is the Messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets, and Allah has knowledge of all things. (Quran 33:40)”

·       Maria was honored and respected by the Prophet and his family and Companions.

·        She spent three years of her life with the Prophet, until his death, and died five years later in 16 AH, (R.A).

·       For the last five years of her life, she remained a recluse and almost never went out except to visit the grave of the Prophet or her son’s grave.

·       After her death, Umar ibn al Khattab led the prayer over her and she was buried in al Baqi.

Hazrat Hafsah (RA) - By: Muhammad Rafay

Hazrat Hafsah (RA)

• ·       She was the daughter of Hazrat Umer (RA) the second caliph
• ·       Born five years before Prophet hood
• ·       Was first married to Khunis Bin Hudaifah
• ·       Her husband died in Battle of Badr
• ·       Prophet (SAW) married her to consolidate his relationship with Umar(RA)
• ·       She was the custodian of the Quran which was compiled by Zaid Bin Sabith
• ·       The first copy came to be known as Musaf-e-Hafsa
• ·       Hafsah was a learned lady
• ·       Her knowledge was next to Hazrat Ayesha
• ·       She narrate 60 traditions
• ·       Ayesha and Hafsah were great friends
• ·       She spend most of her time in fasting and praying
• ·       She died in 45AH at an age of 63
• ·       She buried in Jannat-Tul-Al-Baqee
• ·       She advised her property to be distributed to poor and destitute. 

Hazrat Saudah (RA) - By: Waniya Ali

Hazrat Saudah

• She was Daughter of Zam’aa bin Qais from Makkah and Shamoos bint Qais from Medina, both of them belongs to same branch of Quraish ‘Bannu’. She was married to her cousin Sukran (R.A) bin Amr. 
• Hazrat Saudah and Hazrat Sukran(R.A) both accepted Islam in early years of Prophet hood.
• Hazrat Sauda (RA) was the tallest among the wives of Prophet. Hazrat Ayesha (RA) used to say, “…  and everybody who knew her before (the hukm of  pardah) could recognize her.”
• Prophet (S.A.W) was extremely distressed over the death of Hazrat Khadija (R.A). One of Hazrat saudah's friends was Hazrat Khaula. She suggested the Holy Prophet that he remarry as he remains alone and passing a sad life with responsibility of bringing-up four daughters.
• Hazrat Khaula (R.A) asked Hazrat Sauda‘s father for her hand in marriage on behalf of Prophet (SWS).Both father and Hazrat Sauda agreed.
• In the 10th year of Prophethood,the nikah was conducted at Sauda (RA)’s house by her father.  The Prophet (S.A.W) gave a Mahr of 400 Dirhams to his wife Sauda(R.A) on this occasion. In the 13^th year of Prophet hood, when Prophet migrated to Medina, he sent Zayd bin Harith (RA) to escort Hazrat Sauda (RA) and others from Makkah. Hazrat Sauda (R.A) and Hazrat Fatima (R.A) therefore migrated from Makkah to Medina in the company of Hazrat Zayd (R.A).
• Hazrat Sauda(R.A) was very simple, warm and had an examplary  character. She had unmatched    obedience among the wives of Prophet and always willing to make sacrifice.
• Ibn Saad mentions how once she was offering voluntary night prayers, standing behind the prophet(peace be upon him). 
• Sauda(R.A) was extremely generous.During his rule ”Umar bin khattab (R.A) sent her bag  full of dirhams. She then distributed the money among poor and needy.
• She passed away in the 22nd year after migration  during caliphate of Umar bin Khattab (R.A) and was buried in ‘Jannat-ul-Baqi”.

Scribes of the Prophet - By; Fatima Ahmad

Scribes of the Prophet 

As the prophet could not read or write, scribes were the one who were close companions of prophet and they could read and write. They preserved the revelations of Quran in writing and in memory. They always stayed close to the prophet. Whenever the prophet received a revelation, he immediately dictated it to them, they would write it on prices of wood, animal skins, palm leaves etc. They would add new verses and arrange them in order on the instructions of the prophet (P.B.U.H).

 “(it is) in Books held (greatly) in honor. Exalted (in dignity) kept pure and holy (written) by hands of scribes honorable and pious and just”.

The scribes of the divine revelation hold immense importance in Islam as they made sure that the revelations must be in written form because the Prophet did not know how to read or write. Apart from writing them, they also learnt the verses so that they remained in their memory. Thus they played a vital role in the preservation of Quran in its original form. If they had not written the revelations, the word of Allah might perish forever. This shows that their work played an important role in preserving Quran for future generations.

Zaid bin thabit was the chief scribe. He belonged to khizraj tribe.he accepted Islam before prophets migration at age of 11. He could speak many languages. He wanted to participate in badal but he was too young. He took part in trench and tabuk expeditions. He had a very good memory and he was memoriser of Quran. He complied Quran during first caliphate and by traveling all over Arabia. He then compiled Quran on the instructions of hazrat uthman and copies of mushaf were made.

Scribes of revelation - By: Areej Moez

  Scribes of revelation

·     The Quran was revealed to the Prophet (SAW) through angel Gabriel.

·     The revelation started when the Prophet was 40 years old.

·     In the month of Ramadan.

·     The Prophet use to recite the revelation to his followers.

·     The revelation was written down by the scribes.

·     It was written down on the branches of palm trees, tablets of stones etc.

·     The number of scribes who wrote down Quran was about 40.

·     Allah called them all pious, honest and trustworthy and said

    “(it is) in Books held (greatly) in honor. Exalted (in dignity) kept pure and holy (written) by hands of scribes honorable and pious and just”.

·       The most important scribes of the prophet were the first four caliphs.

·       Zayed bin Thabit, Abdullah ibn masud, ubay bin kab, muadh bin jandal, muawiyah bin abu sufyan, abu zayd, Khalid bin saeed and some others.

·       The prophet use to instruct his scribes about the shape of the letters and cut of the pen point.

·       The Quran exists in its present form because of the devotion of these scribes.

·     The best known amongst the scribes was Zayd bin Thabit.

·     He was from the ansar.

·     He accepted Islam at the age of 13 after prophet migrated to madina.

·     He was not allowed to participate in the battle of Badr and Uhad as he was too young however he participated in the battle of trench.

·     He is remembered because of his knowledge and his great contribution as a scribe of revelation.

·     Prophet asked Zayd to learn Hebrew and Syriac.

·     When he became proficient in those languages, he appointed Zayd as his interpreter and gave him the task of writing.

·     Zayd also collected portions of the Quran that were written down by others and arranged them.

Zayd said

“We used to compile the Quran from small manuscripts in the presence of the prophet (SAW)”

·       After the death of the Prophet Zayd took part in the battles against false Prophet Hood.

·       After the battle of Yamanah when many hafiz Quran died, Abu Bakr entrusted Zayd bin Thabit to collect and compile the Quran in one manuscript.

·       He took this responsibility seriously and stared locating the Quran and said

“I started locating the quranic material and collecting it from parchments, scapula, leafstalks of date palms and from memories of men (who knew it by heart)”